American actor Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson
Credit: © Featureflash Photo Agency/Shutterstock

May is Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) Heritage Month. All month long, Behind the Headlines will feature AAPI pioneers in a variety of areas.

Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson has been many things: a professional football player, a professional wrestler, a skyscraper-investigating FBI agent, a shape-shifting demi-god, and even the tooth fairy. By excelling in a variety of roles—both in real life and in film—Johnson has inspired many people throughout the world.

Dwayne Douglas Johnson was born on May 2, 1972, in Hayward, California. His father was the Canadian professional wrestler Rocky Johnson, and his grandfather was the Samoan wrestler Peter Maivia. The family moved frequently as Dwayne was growing up, because of his father’s career. Dwayne played football for the University of Miami and graduated in 1995 with a bachelor’s degree. He briefly played for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League before leaving to pursue a career in wrestling.

Beginning in 1996, Johnson gained fame wrestling under the name Rocky Maivia in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF; now known as World Wrestling Entertainment Inc.). Soon after, he began using the nickname “The Rock.” He became one of the most famous wrestlers in the organization. Johnson’s matches served as main attractions at such large wrestling events as WrestleMania and SummerSlam. Johnson co-wrote the memoir The Rock Says… (2000) with Joe Layden.

Johnson began his motion picture acting career with a minor role in the adventure film The Mummy Returns (2001) and a starring role in the related fantasy film The Scorpion King (2002). He has starred in many other action films, including The Rundown (2003), Walking Tall (2004), Doom (2005), and Skyscraper (2018). Johnson has appeared in several of the automotive action films in the “Fast & Furious” series, beginning with Fast Five (2011). His other notable movies include the disaster film San Andreas (2015); the family comedies The Game Plan (2007) and Tooth Fairy (2010); and the adventure comedies Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017) and Jumanji: The Next Level (2019). The muscular Johnson often plays brawny characters that can be by turns intimidating and likable. Johnson has provided his voice for video games and animations. For example, he voiced the character Maui in the animated movie Moana (2016).

Star Wars: The Force Awakens had the biggest opening weekend in motion-picture box-office history. It opened on Dec. 18,205.
Credit: © Lucasfilm, Ltd.

May 4th has become a day to celebrate Star Wars. Star Wars is one of the most popular and profitable motion pictures in history. Why do we think of Star Wars on the fourth of May? It is because Obi-Wan Kenobi, played by English actor Alec Guinness and later by Scottish actor Ewan McGregor, says, “May the Force be with you” throughout the galaxy. He says it as a wish of goodwill, wishing the positive vibe of the Force onto the people he meets. In the movies, the Force is a positive energy field that binds the universe together. May the Fourth sounds pretty similar to “May the Force!” Sending the force to all of you, readers!

The heroes of Star Wars—Luke Skywalker (played by Mark Hamill), Princess Leia (Carrie Fisher), and Han Solo (Harrison Ford)—first appeared in American cinemas 40 years ago today on May 25, 1977.
Credit: © Lucasfilm Ltd

The first film was released as Star Wars, but the title later was expanded to Star Wars: A New Hope. This science-fiction fantasy, released in 1977, set standards for special effects that revolutionized filmmaking. Directed and written by George Lucas, it was the first in a series of enormously popular movies. It also was the first installment in a trilogy (set of three) that included The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983). Lucas supervised all three movies and wrote or helped write the screenplays for them. But he did not direct the two later films.

Star Wars is basically an adventure story about the battle between good and evil. The film is filled with colorful and bizarre characters and breathtaking action sequences. The young hero is Luke Skywalker (played by Mark Hamill). He attempts to defeat the evil Galactic Empire with the aid of a mysterious inner power known as “the Force.”

Many of the characters in the film became world famous. The best known were the robots R2-D2 (Kenny Baker) and C-3PO (Anthony Daniels), the daredevil pilot Han Solo (Harrison Ford), the rebel Princess Leia Organa (Carrie Fisher), the evil Darth Vader (the voice of James Earl Jones), and the mysterious knight Obi-Wan Kenobi (Alec Guinness). Other popular characters included the giant furry warrior Chewbacca (Peter Mayhew), the adventurer Lando Calrissian (Billy Dee Williams), and the wise ancient Jedi master Yoda (the voice of Frank Oz). Music for the films composed by John Williams won international popularity.

The popularity of the original “Star Wars” trilogy launched a huge merchandising program that included toys and books. Many people started hobbies devoted to collecting material related to the three movies.

A prequel (predating) trilogy portrays the early years of key characters in the original trilogy. It consists of the films Star Wars: Episode I—The Phantom Menace (1999), Star Wars: Episode II—Attack of the Clones (2002), and Star Wars: Episode III—Revenge of the Sith (2005). Lucas directed all three films. A sequel (postdating) trilogy includes the films Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017), and Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019). It is set after the events of the original trilogy. Other “Star Wars” movies include Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (2016) and Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018).

In 2003, the Japanese film Spirited Away (2001), by Hayao Miyazaki, became the first anime production to win the Academy Award as best animated feature film.
Credit: © Pictorial Press/Alamy Images

This Saturday, April 15 is National Anime Day, celebrating the distinct style of animation that developed in Japan in the 1960’s. Anime is short for animeshiyon, the Japanese word for animation. Anime stories may be original or based on popular children’s tales. Many of the stories, as well as the overall look of anime, are taken from Japanese comic books called manga that became popular in the 1950’s. Anime has a flat look and features colorful images and heroic characters. The plots are often action-filled, with fantastic, futuristic, or political themes. Many anime characters have large, saucerlike eyes, small mouths, and wild hair. The characters often display exaggerated emotions.

An action figure display features the superhero Deku from the series My Hero Academia.
Credit: © Morumotto/Shutterstock

Anime television series and motion pictures are watched around the world. “My Hero Academia”  is a popular manga and anime series of the 2010’s and 2020’s. It was created by the Japanese artist Kohei Horikoshi. The series takes place in a world where most people have a unique inborn superpower that individuals can develop to become heroes. “Attack on Titan” is among the most popular manga and anime series of the 2010’s. It is an action and fantasy series set in a world where humanity has been pushed to the brink of extinction by the mysterious Titans. The Titans are giant, humanoid monsters that attack and eat humans on sight.

A life-sized model of a Titan greets visitors to a Japanese theme park attraction based on the series Attack on Titan.
Credit: © MR. AEKALAK CHIAMCHAROEN/Shutterstock

Other popular anime TV series include “Dragon Ball” (1986-1989) by manga artist and writer Akira Toriyama, “Pokémon” (1997-2002), “Cowboy Bebop” (1998-1999), “Naruto” (2002-2007), and “Fullmetal Alchemist” (2003-2004). Notable anime feature films include Akira, Grave of the Fireflies, and My Neighbor Totoro (all 1988); Ninja Scroll (1993); Princess Mononoke (1997); Ponyo (2008); The Secret World of Arrietty (2010); and The Wind Rises (2013). In 2003, the Japanese film Spirited Away (2001), by Hayao Miyazaki, became the first anime production to win the Academy Award as best animated feature film.

The character Goku in the anime series “Dragon Ball Z”
Credit: © Fuji TV

There are many types of anime, including action, adventure, comedy, romance, science fiction, fantasy, and the supernatural. Shonen anime features action or adventure and is targeted toward adolescent boys. Shojo anime features character development and romance and is targeted toward adolescent girls. Mecha anime features giant robots with human traits. Some types of anime have more adult themes, often involving violence or sexual material. Anime may be subtitled or dubbed in other languages for release in countries outside of Japan.

Manga comics surged in popularity in Japan in the mid-1900′s. The “Naruto” (1994-2014) series by Masashi Kishimoto became one of the top-selling manga series of all time. It is about the adventures of a mischievous young ninja.
Credit: © Masashi Kishimoto, Shueisha Inc.

The Japanese animator and cartoonist Osamu Tezuka was a pioneer of manga and anime. He was greatly influenced by the animation of the American motion-picture producer Walt Disney. Tezuka created a number of popular manga series in the 1950’s that later became popular anime TV series. These include the TV series “Astro Boy” (1963-1966) and “Kimba the White Lion” (1965-1967). Anime often appears jerky because it typically uses fewer drawings than the animation of such major studios as Walt Disney and Warner Bros. Animated cartoons often appeal to children, but anime can be enjoyed by adults as well as younger viewers around the world.

Pokémon trainer Ash Ketchum and Pikachu
Credit: © The Pokémon Company

After 25 years training Pokémon, eternally 10-year-old Ash Ketchum finally became a world champion and is hanging up his cap for retirement. The popular anime is completing the story of Ash and his best friend, Pikachu. Anime is a distinct style of animation that developed in Japan in the 1960’s. Ash is finally the very best in the Pokémon world. He collected Pokémon, evolved them, and battled other trainers in his journey to be the very best. His latest television series, “Pokémon Ultimate Journeys,” featured a world tour and ended with Ash ranking as the No. 1 Pokémon trainer in the world.

The anime started in 1997 and has continued to run over several television series through 2023. It aired in the United States in 1998. The show was based on the electronic games, created by Japanese game designer Satoshi Tajiri. Until his championship, Ash introduced new players to the world as a fellow new trainer with each game and show. In the series of Pokémon games, players capture fantastic monsters, train them, and command them in duels. When the creatures are not fighting, game characters keep them in pocket-sized balls. The term Pokémon is short for pocket monsters.

Tajiri grew up in a rural suburb of Tokyo. As a child, he loved nature and collected insects. The thrill and mystery of discovering unique new insects served as inspiration for the game. The first Pokémon game was released in 1996 for the Nintendo Game Boy, a popular handheld game system. In addition to numerous video games, Pokémon have featured in card games, comics, and animated television shows and motion pictures.

In the Pokémon games, the player takes on the role of a Pokémon trainer. The trainer must journey around a fictional world, collecting and training new Pokémon. Each Pokémon has unique abilities and a clever name, such as Pikachu, Charmander, Squirtle, or Bulbasaur. Along the way, players must pit their own collections of Pokémon against those of other trainers. They include a team of evil trainers that seeks to take over the world.

In the earliest games, players could collect 151 different Pokémon. Players could also trade their Pokémon with other players, using a cable to link their Game Boys. Because each monster has unique strengths and weaknesses, players must use them strategically in duels. With sufficient training, a Pokémon might evolve (change) into a more powerful creature. Later games introduced greater numbers of Pokémon.

TikTok, a social media app
© XanderSt/Shutterstock

TikTok’s Time in Congress

United States Congress met with TikTok CEO Shou Chew last week in his first appearance defending the use of the mobile app (application) in the United States. TikTok is a social media service for sharing videos. The mobile app enables users to instantly post (publish online) short videos set to music or other sound. While TikTok is a Chinese company, it is not accessible in China. However, it is extremely popular in the United States. The main concern over TikTok is that the app collects data from users that could be sent to Chinese authorities. Lawmakers also stated that the app is unhealthy for children since the algorithms can show dangerous videos to young users. Shou Chew maintained the technology is not different than other United States tech giants like Instagram and Facebook. Some people have skyrocketed to fame through TikTok, including Addison Rae, Charli D’Amelio, and Lil Nas X. Many popular users in the United States defended TikTok on their platforms, reaching millions.

TikTok, which is called Douyin in China, was created in 2016 by the Chinese company ByteDance. TikTok has since become internationally popular. ByteDance purchased the lip-syncing app Musical.ly in 2017 and merged it with TikTok in 2018.

TikTok has several features that allow users to slow down, speed up, or otherwise edit videos. Users can enhance (improve the appearance or quality of) their videos with special camera filters, stickers, text, and video clips. Several TikTok videos are often joined together to make the person on camera appear to instantly shift locations, clothing, or makeup. Users can respond to other videos in a duet. In a duet, two videos are posted side by side and run simultaneously. Duets encourage TikTok users to collaborate (work together).

TikTok videos are often informal and silly. They frequently involve lip-syncing, a style of performance in which the performer’s mouth moves in time with a recorded musical track. The service makes use of hashtags to organize similar videos. A hashtag is a keyword or phrase preceded by the hash symbol or pound sign (#). Hashtags enable users to participate in trends or challenges. In a challenge, users copy a particular video topic or theme—such as a specific visual gag, dance, or song—and post their version on TikTok with the challenge hashtag. Trends and challenges rapidly rise and decline in popularity on TikTok.

Each user has a custom home page that presents select content based on the user’s watching habits. TikTok uses a computerized mathematical procedure called an algorithm that learns a user’s preferences and interests to suggest video content. Users also can become followers of other users, or search for videos by hashtag or username. They can send messages directly to other users and post comments about videos. Some users have gained or increased their fame through the app. The rap and country singer Lil Nas X, for example, was discovered after he began lip-syncing on TikTok. Many songs have grown in popularity after being featured in TikTok videos, trends, and challenges.

American poet Ada Limón
Credit: Shawn Miller, Library of Congress

March is Women’s History Month, an annual observance of women’s achievements and contributions to society. This month, Behind the Headlines will feature woman pioneers in a variety of areas.

Pioneers venture into unknown territories and uncharted waters. A genuine poetry pioneer, Ada Limón has found new ways to interact with readers and big emotions. Limón was named poet laureate of the United States in 2022. The poet laureate is appointed by the librarian of Congress and works to increase the national appreciation and awareness of poetry. Limón, who is of Mexican American heritage, was the first Hispanic American woman chosen for the position. She succeeded the American poet and musician Joy Harjo, who was the poet laureate from 2019 to 2022.

Limon’s style is melodic and accessible. The images in her poetry often embrace the natural world, in which she frequently finds a sense of wonder. The librarian of Congress Carla Hayden praised Limon’s poems for exploring “the beauty and heartbreak that is living, in ways that help us move forward.”

Limon’s first poetry collections were Lucky Wreck and This Big Fake World: A Story in Verse (both 2006). Her third collection, Sharks in the Rivers (2010), considers the possibility of embracing change and finding beauty in a risky, ever-changing world. Bright Dead Things (2015) deals with carrying on and preserving one’s identity in the face of loss and alienation. Her poetry collections also include The Carrying (2018) and The Hurting Kind (2022).

Ada Limón was born on March 28, 1976, in Sonoma, California. She completed a B.A. degree in drama at the University of Washington in 1998. She earned an M.F.A. degree in creative writing from New York University in 2001. She worked in marketing for magazine firms in New York City, before she began writing full time in 2010.

In 2014, Limón began teaching in the M.F.A. program of Queens University of Charlotte, in North Carolina. She often gives readings of her poetry. In 2021 and 2022, she was the host of the poetry podcast called “The Slowdown,” which offers a few moments of reflection through the reading of a poem each weekday. The podcast was launched in 2019 by the poet Tracy K. Smith during her term as poet laureate of the United States.

Academy Awards are presented annually for outstanding achievements in filmmaking. Winners of an Academy Award receive a gold-plated statue commonly called an Oscar, shown here. Credit: © Richard Levine, Alamy Images

On Sunday, March 12, the 95th Academy Awards—commonly known as the Oscars—were held at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, California. The Oscars celebrate the past year’s achievements in filmmaking. In 2023, late night talk show host and comedian Jimmy Kimmel hosted the show. A variety of celebrities introduced and handed out the awards.

Michelle Yeoh stars as a woman who suddenly develops the power to leap between parallel universes in the action-adventure-fantasy Everything Everywhere All at Once.
Credit: A24

Everything Everywhere All at Once swept the Oscars, picking up awards in 7 of its 11 nominated categories, the most of any film nominations this year. Among those was the most coveted Best Picture award going to the directing pair Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert, affectionately called the Daniels, and Jonathan Wang. Best Film Editing went to Paul Rogers. The Daniels also share the Best Director and Best Original Screenplay trophies. Kwan became the second Asian director to win best picture, director, and screenplay at the Academy Awards. The first was Joon Ho for Parasite (2019).

The sci-fi, multiverse-traveling, action adventure truly covered everything and everywhere. Michelle Yeoh won Best Actress for her role as Evelyn Wang in Everything Everywhere All at Once. The film beautifully portrayed the connection between Evelyn and her daughter Joy, and Joy’s powerful alter-ego Jobu Tupaki. Stephanie Hsu portrayed Joy and Jobu as they hopped realities. Ke Huy Quan won Best Supporting Actor as Waymond Wang, Evelyn’s goofy husband. Jamie Lee Curtis won Best Supporting Actress as the IRS auditor threatening to shut down the Wang’s laundromat.

Yeoh became the first Asian woman to win Best Actress. Quan made his return to acting after 30 years and became the second Asian actor to win Best Supporting Actor. As a child actor, he worked with legendary director Steven Spielberg on Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984) and was cast by Spielberg for The Goonies (1985). This year, Spielberg became the first person nominated for Best Director in six different decades. Both with their first Oscars, Yeoh and Quan became the first actors to win the award portraying a character speaking Mandarin Chinese and Cantonese.

In another standout film, Brendan Fraser took home Best Actor for the psychological drama The Whale. It also won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling. The German-language film All Quiet on the Western Front, adapted from the book by Erich Maria Remarque, had nine nominations, winning four Academy Awards. The film took home Best International Film, Best Cinematography, Best Original Score, and Best Production Design.

“Naatu Naatu” from the adventure film RRR became the first Indian film song to win an Oscar with Best Original Song. The upbeat, Telugu-language song was composed by M. M. Keeravani and written by Chandrabose. The Elephant Whisperers became the first Indian film to win Best Documentary Short.

Navalny, about Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny, won Best Documentary Feature. Women Talking won Best Adapted Screenplay. Best Animated Feature went to Guillermo del Toro’s Pinocchio.

In 2016, the Mattel toy company introduced three new body types for the iconic Barbie doll—tall, curvy, and petite. Barbie also is now available in a variety of skin tones and hair styles. The makeover from the original Barbie’s extremely thin and unrealistic body type was aimed at helping girls to feel more confident about their own body image.
Credit: Mattel

Today, March 9th is National Barbie Day! Barbie is a teenage fashion doll made by the toy company Mattel, Inc. The iconic doll was introduced in 1959 by the American toy inventors Elliot and Ruth Handler. The couple founded Mattel in 1945. Mattel is one of the world’s largest toy companies, and Barbie is one of the world’s most popular dolls. Mattel also introduced the world to Hot Wheels toy cars in 1968.

This coming July, a stacked cast will portray Barbie’s story in a movie! Australian actress Margot Robbie plays Barbie with Canadian actor Ryan Gosling as Ken. The glamorous, pink-clad blonde Robbie is featured alongside other stars including American actor Will Ferrel, Canadian actor Simu Liu, and Canadian actor Michael Cera. The movie will be the first live-action portrayal of the Barbie doll in a movie, 64 years after Barbie dolls graced the shelves of toy stores!

Back in the 1950’s, Ruth Handler saw her daughter, Barbara, playing with paper dolls. She decided to make a doll that had many beautiful outfits. Ruth’s inspiration for Barbie was a German doll called Bild-Lilli. She named the new doll after her daughter.

Barbie doll
Credit: © Robin Beckham, BEEP Stock/Alamy Images

Mattel introduced the 11 1/2-inch (29-centimeter) vinyl Barbie doll at the American International Toy Fair in New York City. The doll created some controversy because the teenage Barbie had the figure of an adult woman. Barbie was one of the first toys to be advertised on television. The doll became popular almost immediately.

Clothes for the Barbie doll were sold separately and came with accessories and shoes. Over the years, sales of the outfits produced more profits for Mattel than the doll itself. The company has sold over a billion Barbie outfits.

Mattel introduced other dolls as friends and family members of Barbie. Such dolls included her boyfriend, Ken, (introduced in 1961); her friend Midge (1963); and her sister Skipper (1964). Some of Barbie’s other friends have included an African American girl named Christie (added in 1968); a Hispanic girl named Teresa (1988); and an Asian or Pacific Island girl named Kira (1990). Barbie’s friend Becky, who uses a wheelchair because of a disability, was added in 1997.

Mattel made a wide variety of toys to accompany the Barbie doll. In 1962, the company introduced a cardboard dollhouse called Barbie’s Dream House. By the 1980’s, the dollhouse was made of pink vinyl, and the color pink soon came to be associated with Barbie. Other Barbie toys include vacation homes, cars, airplanes, a camper, and a cruise ship. There are also Barbie games, books, paper dolls, coloring books, lunch boxes, movies, video games, websites, and apps (software applications) for smartphones.

Barbie has assumed a number of roles through the years. She appears here as an architect, from the “I Can Be…” line of Barbie dolls. The line is meant to encourage girls in careers.
Credit: AP Photo

Since her introduction, Barbie has been featured as a fairy, a princess, and the fairy-tale character Rapunzel. Barbie has also been sold with outfits and accessories representing different careers in the “I Can Be…” series. Barbie can be dressed as an astronaut, computer engineer, dentist, news anchor, president, race car driver, and as many other professionals. In 2015, Mattel introduced “Hello Barbie,” a doll that uses Wi-Fi and speech recognition technology to engage in two-way conversations with a child. Wi-Fi is a wireless computer networking technology. The doll can also play games and tells jokes. In the 2010′s, Mattel also introduced new Barbie dolls with different body types and more varied skin tones, eye colors, and hair. Some new dolls used a wheelchair or prosthetic (artificial) limb. Such additions were intended to reflect real-life diversity and help children feel more confident about their own unique selves.

Some Barbie dolls are higher-priced collectibles targeted to adults. These include porcelain Barbies dressed in designer or vintage fashions and dolls representing Hollywood stars and other celebrities.

The American actor Troy Kotsur made history as the first deaf man to win an Academy Award for acting. He won for his role in CODA (2021).
Credit: © DFree/Shutterstock

American actor Troy Kotsur has had a busy few years. Between winning an Academy Award, starring in two “Star Wars” television series, and performing the national anthem at Superbowl LVII, Kotsur is everywhere! Kotsur signed the lyrics to the “Star-Spangled Banner” as American musician Chris Stapleton sang to a crowd of nearly 68 thousand fans in person and millions more watching elsewhere.

Kotsur became the first deaf man to receive an Academy Award when he won best supporting actor for his performance in the motion picture CODA (2021). He was the second deaf performer to win an acting Oscar, after Marlee Matlin won best actress in 1987.

Troy Michael Kotsur was born July 24, 1968, in Mesa, Arizona. He was born deaf to hearing parents. Kotsur began acting in high school, performing in pantomime (without words). After graduation, Kotsur briefly studied theater at Gallaudet University in Washington, D.C., but left after two years.

Kotsur has primarily acted on stage. As a member of the National Theater of the Deaf, he performed around the United States from 1991 through 1993. He played Hamlet in Jeff Wanshel’s Ophelia (1992), based on Shakespeare’s Hamlet, and he was a cast member in the company’s adaptation of Treasure Island (1991), based on the Robert Louis Stevenson story. As a member of the Deaf West Theater in Los Angeles, California, Kotsur played leading roles in productions of Cyrano (2012) and A Streetcar Named Desire (2000). On Broadway, Kotsur performed in Big River: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (2003).

Kotsur has appeared in episodes of the television series “Criminal Minds” and “CSI: NY.” In 2013, he directed the comedy film No Ordinary Hero: The SuperDeafy Movie. Kotsur developed a sign language for the Tusken Raiders in the “Star Wars” universe, which has been used in the series “The Mandalorian” (2019-…) and “The Book of Boba Fett” (2021-…). In “The Mandalorian”, Kotsur played a Tusken Raider who communicates with the title character through sign language.

Beyoncé is a popular American singer and actress. She first gained fame as a member of the singing group Destiny’s Child. In the early 2000′s, Beyoncé established herself as a successful solo performer. Credit: © Shutterstock

February is Black History Month, an annual observance of the achievements and culture of Black Americans. This month, Behind the Headlines will feature Black pioneers in a variety of areas.

Many notable artists graced the stage at the 2023 Grammy Awards on February 5th, 2023, but Beyoncé and Viola Davis hit the headlines starting Black History Month with shiny awards. American singer and actress Beyoncé broke the record for the most Grammy Awards won by any artist, with 32 awards. American actress Viola Davis won a Grammy Award for her audiobook Finding Me, published in 2022. This Grammy secured Davis as one of the relatively few actors who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony awards. Only 18 people have won all four awards to become what the industry calls E.G.O.T.s. Other big winners include American rap musician and songwriter Kendrick Lamar who won best rap performance, song, and album. American rap artist, singer, and musician Lizzo won the record of the year for “About Damn Time” (2022).

Beyoncé’s career is more than inspiring. Beyoncé Giselle Knowles was born on Sept. 4, 1981, in Houston, Texas. At the age of 9, she began singing with an all-girl group called Girl’s Tyme. The group changed its name often before the members settled on Destiny’s Child and recorded a number of hit songs. In the early 2000’s, Beyoncé established herself as a successful solo performer.

Beyoncé had begun performing on her own while still singing with Destiny’s Child. Her first album, Dangerously in Love (2003), was an international hit. It was followed by the hit albums B’Day (2006), I Am…Sasha Fierce (2008), 4 (2011), Beyoncé (2013), Lemonade (2016), and Renaissance (2022). Her most popular singles include “Crazy in Love” (with rap singer Jay-Z, 2003); “Irreplaceable” (2006); “Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)” (2008); “Drunk in Love” (also featuring Jay-Z, 2013); “Formation” (2016); and “Break My Soul” (2022). In 2008, she married Jay-Z. The couple released their first joint album, Everything Is Love, in 2018. In 2018, Beyoncé became the first Black woman to headline (be engaged as a leading performer at) the annual Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival held in Indio, California.

As an actress, Beyoncé made her debut in the made-for-TV musical motion picture Carmen: A Hip Hopera (2001). She also appeared in the movies Austin Powers in Goldmember (2002), Dreamgirls (2006), Cadillac Records (2008), and Obsessed (2009). Beyoncé provided her voice for a character in the animated feature film Epic (2013). She also voiced the lioness character Nala in The Lion King (2019), a computer-animated remake of the 1994 animated feature film The Lion King.

American actress Viola Davis
Credit: © Featureflash Photo Agency/Shutterstock

Viola Davis has received more varied awards compared to Beyoncé. Davis became known for her intense performances. She also became known as an activist for greater inclusion, particularly of African Americans, in the movie and theater industries.

Davis was born on Aug. 11, 1965, in rural Saint Matthews, South Carolina. In 1988, she received a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in theater from Rhode Island College, in Providence, Rhode Island. In 1993, she received a certificate in acting from the Juilliard School in New York City, New York.

Davis got her first big acting break in 1995 in American dramatist August Wilson’s play Seven Guitars. Her bold performance as the character Vera Hedley earned her the first of many Tony Award nominations. Davis made her first motion-picture appearance in the drama The Substance of Fire (1996). She gained widespread recognition in the film Doubt (2008), in which she played a mother fighting for justice for her son. Davis’s other notable movies include The Help (2011), Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom (2020), and The Woman King (2022).

How did Davis secure E.G.O.T. status? She won Tony Awards in 2001 and 2010, for her acting in the plays King Hedley II and Fences, respectively. Both plays were written by August Wilson. In 2015, Davis became the first Black woman to win the Primetime Emmy Award for outstanding lead actress in a drama series, for her performance in the TV series “How to Get Away with Murder” (2014-2020). In 2017, she won the Academy Award for best supporting actress for her role in the movie Fences (2016). And in 2023, Davis won a Grammy Award for the audiobook of her memoir Finding Me, published in 2022.