Celia Cruz was born in Cuba and became internationally famous for her powerful voice, her exciting live performances, and her colorful costumes.
Credit: AP/Wide World

March is Women’s History Month, an annual observance of women’s achievements and contributions to society. This month, Behind the Headlines will feature woman pioneers in a variety of areas.

The Queen of Salsa will become the first Afro-Latina to appear on the United States quarter. As part of the American Women Quarters Program, Cuban-born singer Celia Cruz will be smiling back from quarters soon. Cruz is considered the greatest female singer in the salsa style of music.

Salsa is a style of Latin dance music that blends a variety of African and Spanish elements. The term salsa is Spanish for sauce, perhaps referring to the hot, spicy character of the music. Salsa is rooted in Cuban music of the early 1900’s, especially a style call son. Cuban immigrants carried son to the United States. There, it absorbed elements of Puerto Rican music as well as jazz and rock music, especially in the 1960’s and 1970’s. At this time, the resulting musical blend became known as salsa. Salsa music incorporates many different instruments, including bass, piano, trombone, trumpet, and several types of percussion instruments.

Popularly known as la Reina de la Salsa (the Queen of Salsa), Cruz performed for more than 50 years in both Cuba and the United States. Cruz became internationally famous for her powerful voice, her exciting scat singing (singing wordless syllables instead of lyrics), her colorful costumes, and her skill at engaging the audience during her performance. She recorded more than 70 albums.

Cruz was born in Havana, Cuba, on Oct. 21, 1925. Her full name was Ursula Hilaria Celia Caridad Cruz Alfonso. She began singing as a youngster. In 1950, she joined the band La Sonora Matancera, one of the top tropical bands of its day.

In 1960, La Sonora Matancera left Cuba for a job in Mexico. Rather than return to Cuba, which had come under the dictatorship of Fidel Castro the year before, Cruz and the band went to the United States. She became a permanent U.S. resident in the early 1960’s and a U.S. citizen in 1977. Cruz left La Sonora Matancera to begin her career as a soloist in 1965. She recorded albums with such Latin bandleaders as Willie Colon, Ray Barretto, Johnny Pacheco, and Tito Puente. At the end of her career, Cruz was also performing disco and hip hop music. Cruz died on July 16, 2003.

Rihanna is a popular singer and actress from the Caribbean island of Barbados. In 2011, she became the youngest solo artist to have recorded 10 number-one singles.
Credit: © Shutterstock

February is Black History Month, an annual observance of the achievements and culture of Black Americans. This month, Behind the Headlines will feature Black pioneers in a variety of areas.

The Super Bowl LVII halftime show will feature popular singer, actress, and fashion designer Rihanna. The multiple Grammy Award-winner is from the Caribbean island of Barbados. She is known for her sexy videos and wild costumes. In 2011, Rihanna became the youngest solo artist to have recorded 10 number-one singles.

Rihanna’s return to the stage is long awaited by her fans. She last performed at the 2018 Grammy Awards alongside DJ Khaled, with their hit song “Wild Thoughts.” Her latest concert tour in 2016 featured her eighth studio album, Anti. Since then, she has launched three successful businesses, starred in movies, and started a fashion show for her brand Savage X Fenty. In 2021, Forbes declared Rihanna a billionaire. She became the richest female musician in the world.

Rihanna started the luxury fashion label Fenty in 2019.
Credit: © Fred Duval, Shutterstock

Robyn Rihanna Fenty was born on Feb. 20, 1988, in St. Michael, Barbados. She began singing as a child. At age 16, Rihanna moved to the United States to pursue a music career. In 2005, she was signed to a recording contract. Her first album, Music of the Sun, was released that same year. It became an international hit. The album featured the hit single “Pon de Replay.”

Rihanna has recorded several other hit albums. Her other notable hit songs include “SOS” (2006); “Umbrella” and “Don’t Stop the Music” (both 2007); “Take a Bow” and “Disturbia” (both 2008); “Russian Roulette,” “Hard,” and “Rude Boy” (all 2009); and “We Found Love” (2011). She also sang on the hit song “Monster” (2014) by Eminem.

In 2012, Rihanna made her motion-picture acting debut in the science-fiction film Battleship. She also provided her voice for the character of Tip, a teenage girl, in the animated feature Home (2015). Rihanna was one of the star actors in the cast of Oceans 8 (2018). She also co-starred with American actor Donald Glover in Guava Island (2019). 

Rihanna is known as a trendsetter, especially in street fashion. In 2014, she became the creative director of women’s fashion for the athletic wear company Puma. She designed Fenty X Puma fashion lines from 2016 to 2018. Rihanna released the makeup brand Fenty Beauty in 2017, with a range of many different skin tones. The brand initially offered 40 shades of foundation, far more than any mainstream brand at the time. Foundation is a makeup product that can be applied to the whole face to provide even tone and texture. The brand has since expanded to 50 shades with an accompanying 50 concealer shades. Concealer is a makeup product used to hide blemishes and brighten the skin.

In 2018, Rihanna started Savage X Fenty, an affordable, size- and gender-inclusive lingerie company. The company also debuted a fashion show, the Savage X Fenty Show, in 2018. In 2019, Rihanna became the first woman and person of color to head a luxury brand with the high-end luxury designer LVMH (Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton). Rihanna created the luxury fashion line Fenty at LVMH.

Musician Lizzo plays James Madison’s crystal flute
Credit: © Shawn Miller, Library of Congress

The Library of Congress let American rap artist, singer, and musician Lizzo play James Madison’s crystal flute at a concert in Washington, D.C., making history this September. The flute was given to America’s fourth president James Madison in 1813 on his second inauguration. The flute has not been played for a long time, if at all! Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden reached out to Lizzo inviting her to see the flute collection at the Library of Congress while in town for her concert. Lizzo accepted the invitation and was especially interested in trying out the precious crystal flute. Lizzo is known for playing the flute, a talent she mixes into her freestyle rapping with ease.

Melissa Jefferson was born on April 27, 1988, in Detroit, Michigan. Her family later moved to Houston, Texas. Her family was deeply religious and frequently listened to gospel music. Lizzo played flute in her high school marching band. She began rapping when she was 14. After high school, Lizzo studied classical flute at the University of Houston. She moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 2010, following the death of her father.

Lizzo performed with a few music groups before releasing her first hip-hop album, Lizzobangers (2013). She worked with the American pop musician Prince on his album Plectrumelectrum (2014). Her self-released second album, Big GRRRL Small World (2015), incorporated gospel, hip-hop, and R&B influences. Lizzo signed a recording contract in 2016 and released the EP Coconut Oil that year. An EP, short for extended play, is a recording considered shorter than a full album. Coconut Oil included her hit singles “Good as Hell” and “Worship.”

Lizzo, American rap artist, singer, and musician
Credit: © Aaron J. Thornton, FilmMagic/Getty Images

Lizzo gained international fame for such hits as “Good as Hell” (2016), “Truth Hurts” (2017), and “Juice” (2019). Lizzo achieved widespread popularity with her album Cuz I Love You (2019). The album reached number four on the “Billboard 200″ chart, a list of the top 200 albums compiled by Billboard magazine. The album’s hit song “Juice” reached number five on the Billboard “Hot R&B Songs” list. The success of Cuz I Love You helped to bring new attention to Lizzo’s previous work. The catchy and fun “Truth Hurts” quickly regained attention and peaked at number one on the Billboard “Hot 100” chart, as did “Good as Hell.” Lizzo has collaborated with many artists, including the rapper Missy Elliot. Their song “Tempo” (2019) reached number 21 on the Billboard “U.S. Digital Song Sales” chart. She won Grammy Awards in 2020 for best pop solo performance for “Truth Hurts”; best traditional rhythm and blues (R&B) performance for her song “Jerome” (2019); and best urban contemporary album for Cuz I Love You (Deluxe) (2019).

Lizzo briefly co-hosted the television music program “Wonderland” in 2016. In 2019, she provided her voice for the animated musical film Ugly Dolls. She also acted in the movie Hustlers (2019). Lizzo has also become known for promoting body positivity and self-acceptance.

Rita Moreno in West Side Story
West Side Story is one of the most popular musicals in American theater history. Jerome Robbins was the director and choreographer. Stephen Sondheim wrote the lyrics and Leonard Bernstein the music for the story based on William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. Rita Moreno, center, was one of the stars in the 1961 film version that won 11 Academy Awards.
Credit: AP/Wide World

People in the United States observe National Hispanic Heritage Month each year from September 15 to October 15. During this period, Latin American countries celebrate their independence. These countries include Cuba, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.

Iconic, talented, and always fashionable, Rita Moreno belongs in the spotlight! Moreno is a Puerto Rican -born actress, singer, and dancer who has won acclaim on the stage, in motion pictures, and on television. Moreno became the first Hispanic actress to win an Academy Award. She won the 1961 award as best supporting actress for her performance as the girlfriend of a Puerto Rican-born New York City gang leader in the musical West Side Story. She also won a 1975 Tony Award as best supporting actress for her performance in the musical The Ritz. She didn’t stop after becoming the first Latina EGOT winner. Only 16 other people have the honor of being called an EGOT, the elite group of artists who have won Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony awards.

Rosita Dolores Alverio was born in Humacao, Puerto Rico, on Dec. 11, 1931. She moved to New York City with her mother at the age of 5, and she soon started dance lessons. Moreno began working in motion pictures in the 1940’s, using her voice to dub Spanish-language versions of American films. She made her Broadway debut in 1945 at age 13 in the play Skydrift. She took the stage name Rosita Moreno from the last name of her stepfather, then later shortened her first name to Rita.

In addition to minor TV and movie roles in the 1950’s, Moreno danced with star Gene Kelly in the motion picture Singin’ in the Rain (1952) and portrayed an unhappy young Burmese woman given to the king as a “gift” wife in The King and I (1956). She also had a notable role as a prostitute in the film Carnal Knowledge (1971). Her other films include Summer and Smoke (1961), Popi (1969), and The Ritz (1976), in which she repeated her Tony Award-winning role.

Moreno was a regular performer from 1971 to 1977 on the Public Broadcasting Service children’s educational TV program “The Electric Company.” In 1972, she received a Grammy Award for her contribution to the show’s soundtrack album. She also received Emmy Awards for her guest appearance on the TV variety series “The Muppet Show” in 1977 and for her performance on an episode of the detective series “The Rockford Files” in 1978.

From 1994 to 1998, Moreno provided the voice of Carmen Sandiego, a world-famous thief, on the animated TV series “Where on Earth is Carmen Sandiego?” She was a regular performer from 1997 to 2003 on the cable television prison drama “Oz” as Sister Pete, a nun who works as a psychological counselor to inmates. In 2017, Moreno began acting on the television situation comedy “One Day at a Time,” an update of the popular series of the same name that aired from 1975 to 1984. In 2013, she published a memoir, Rita Moreno. Moreno became a Kennedy Center Honoree in 2015. Moreno starred in Steven Spielberg’s 2021 remake of West Side Story, as a newly developed character named Valentina.

English-born Australian actress and singer Olivia Newton-John
Credit: © DFree/Shutterstock

Olivia Newton-John was an English-born Australian singer and actress. Her recording career extended from the 1960′s into the early 2000′s. She co-starred with John Travolta in the musical motion picture Grease (1978), one of the most popular movie musicals ever made. From that film, two of her duets with Travolta, “You’re the One that I Want” and “Summer Nights,” became hits. Newton-John won a number of Grammy Awards for her music. She passed away on Monday, Aug. 8, 2022.

Olivia Newton-John, left , and the American actor John Travolta, right , starred in the motion picture Grease (1978), one of the most successful musicals in Hollywood history.
Credit: © Paramount Pictures

Newton-John was born on Sept. 26, 1948, in Cambridge, England. She moved with her family to Australia at the age of 5. When she was 14 years old, she formed her own musical group in Melbourne. In 1966, she won the Johnny O’Keefe “Sing, Sing, Sing” talent quest. The prize was a trip to England, where she recorded her first single record. She remained in England and built her career as a singer and television performer. During the 1970′s, she worked in the United States, where she became a best-selling country singer. She won a Grammy Award as best female country vocalist for her first American album, Let Me Be There (1973).

Newton-John also starred in the motion-picture musical Xanadu (1980). She had a hit with “Magic” from that film. Her other hit recordings include ”If Not For You” (1971), “Let Me Be There” (1973), ”If You Love Me, Let Me Know” and “I Honestly Love You” (both 1974), “Have You Never Been Mellow” and “Please Mr. Please” (both 1975), “A Little More Love” (1978), “Physical” (1981), “Heart Attack” and “Twist of Fate” (both 1983), and “Livin’ in Desperate Times” (1984).

Her other films include Funny Things Happen Down Under (1965), Toomorrow (1970), Two of a Kind (1983), It’s My Party (1996), Sordid Lives (2000), Score: A Hockey Musical (2010), and A Few Best Men (2011). She also acted in a number of television series and made-for-television movies.

In 1979, Newton-John was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire for her services to the performing arts. In 2010, she was made an Officer of the Order of Australia for her services to the entertainment industry and to the community through organizations supporting breast cancer treatment, education, training and research, and the environment. She was made a Companion of the Order of Australia, a higher degree in the order, in 2019. The Order of Australia is Australia’s highest award for service to the country or to humanity. In 2020, Newton-John was made a dame commander of the Order of the British Empire for services to charity, cancer research, and entertainment. She then became known as Dame Olivia Newton-John.

Harry Styles, English musician
Credit: © Jeff Kravitz, FilmMagic/Getty Images

Styles is always in style! Recently, English singer, songwriter, and actor Harry Styles released the new album Harry’s House. The powerhouse album has made itself a home atop the Billboard 200 for two weeks. Stylish, hip, and usually wearing stripes, Styles has given the world another summer soundtrack.

Styles first became known as a member of One Direction, a British and Irish pop group that gained international fame in the 2010′s. Styles has also enjoyed a successful solo career. In 2021, he won a Grammy Award for best pop solo performance for “Watermelon Sugar.”

Harry Edward Styles was born on Feb. 1, 1994, in Worcestershire, England, about 130 miles (210 kilometers) northwest of London. Styles was interested in music from a young age, forming a band called White Eskimo in his early teens. In 2010, Styles auditioned to be on the reality music competition program “The X Factor” (2004-…). He appeared on the show but was eliminated after several rounds. However, the show’s judges suggested Styles and several other solo performers form a pop group. The group included Niall Horan of Ireland and Zayn Malik, Liam Payne, and Louis Tomlinson of England, along with Styles. The group performed as One Direction soon after and finished “The X Factor” in third place. The group quickly gained popularity in the United Kingdom.

One Direction went on to make such chart-topping albums as Up All Night (2011) and Take Me Home (2012). In late 2015, the band members announced they would take an extended hiatus (break).

In 2016, Styles signed with Columbia Records as a solo artist. In 2017, he released the song “Sign of the Times.” The song was met with much acclaim, topping the charts in the United Kingdom. The same year, Styles released his first solo album, Harry Styles. Styles made his motion-picture debut in the war thriller Dunkirk (2017). Two years later, Styles released his second album, Fine Line (2019).

American singer, songwriter, and actor Demi Lovato
Credit: © Debby Wong, Shutterstock

June is LGBTQ+ Pride Month. All month long, Behind the Headlines will feature lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer pioneers in a variety of areas.

June 1 marks the first day of pride month in the United States. Today we are celebrating Demi Lovato, an American singer, songwriter, and actor. Lovato first became known as an actor on Disney Channel television programs. Lovato then launched a successful pop music career. Lovato is nonbinary. Nonbinary is a term that describes people who have a gender other than male or female. Lovato uses the gender-neutral pronouns they and them.

Demetria Devonne Lovato was born on Aug. 20, 1992, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Their mother was a country music singer and a professional cheerleader. Lovato began taking voice, guitar, and piano lessons as a child. They also began acting at a young age. From 1997 to 2007, they played the character Angela on the children’s television series “Barney & Friends” (1992-2009). Lovato was bullied in middle school, so they turned to homeschooling. They earned the equivalent of a high school diploma in 2009.

Lovato began working with the Disney Channel in 2007. They appeared on the Disney TV series “As the Bell Rings” (2007-2008) and “Sonny with a Chance” (2009-2011), in which they played the title character. Lovato also starred in a number of Disney TV movies, including the musicals Camp Rock (2008) and Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam (2010), and Princess Protection Program (2009). Lovato co-starred with the American pop-rock group the Jonas Brothers in Camp Rock and Camp Rock 2 and toured with the group as a singer. Lovato also has been in other TV series and movies. For example, from 2012 to 2013, they were a judge on the American version of “The X Factor” (2011-2013), a reality-TV singing competition. They also provided the voice of Smurfette in the animated movie Smurfs: The Lost Village (2017).

Lovato’s first music album, Don’t Forget, was released in 2008 and became a hit. Their later albums include Here We Go Again (2009), Unbroken (2011), Demi (2013), Confident (2015), and Tell Me You Love Me (2017). Lovato’s most popular songs include “This Is Me” (2008), “Skyscraper” (2011), “Heart Attack” (2013), “Cool for the Summer” (2015), and “Sorry Not Sorry” (2017). Lovato has written or co-written many of their songs.

In their personal life, Lovato has struggled with eating disorders, drug addiction, and a mental illness called bipolar disorder. They wrote the inspirational book Staying Strong: 365 Days a Year (2013). Lovato has been recognized for their public advocacy (support) of mental health and of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) causes.

American entertainer Olivia Rodrigo
Credit: © Tinseltown, Shutterstock

In the past year, American actress, singer, and songwriter Olivia Rodrigo has transformed from a Disney Channel star to a big name in pop music. Rodrigo first became known as an actress on television programs produced for the Disney Channel.

Olivia Isabel Rodrigo was born on Feb. 20, 2003, in Temecula, California, southeast of Los Angeles. Rodrigo began taking voice, piano, and guitar lessons as a child. She acted in middle and high school performances and began acting professionally in 2016. She played a leading character, Paige Olvera, on the Disney TV series “Bizaardvark” (2016-2019).

In 2019, Rodrigo gained the lead role of Nini in “High School Musical: The Musical—The Series.” She wrote and performed original songs for the series, including “All I Want” (2019) and a duet with Joshua Bassett, “Just for a Moment” (2020).

She released her first single “Drivers License” on Jan. 8, 2021. It soon hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100. The song is now nominated at the 64th Grammy Awards for song of the year, record of the year, and best pop solo performance. Rodrigo is also nominated for best music video or film for “Good 4 U” (2021), best pop vocal album for Sour (2021), album of the year for Sour, and best new artist.

After “Drivers License,” her next two singles— “Deja Vu” (2021) and “Good 4 U”—also debuted in the top 10 of the Billboard “Hot 100″ chart. She became the first recording artist to start a career with three singles in the top 10. Rodrigo’s debut album, Sour, included elements of pop, folk, and rock music.

Besides releasing catchy singles, Rodrigo also took a trip to the White House this summer. She met with President Joe Biden and the immunologist and Chief Medical Advisor to the President of the United States, Anthony Fauci, to discuss the importance of young people getting vaccinated against COVID-19. In December, Rodrigo was named Entertainer of the Year by Time magazine. She announced a world tour for 2022 in which she will travel to Europe, Canada, and across the United States.